DINAMIKA EKONOMI PETANI KARET

Meli Sasmi; Asdi Agustar; Ira Wahyuni Syarfi; Hasnah Hasnah

doi:10.36355/jas.v7i1.1009

DINAMIKA EKONOMI PETANI KARET

Meli Sasmi, Asdi Agustar, Ira Wahyuni Syarfi, Hasnah Hasnah

Abstract

Karet merupakan salah satu komoditi perkebunan yang berperan penting dalam membangun ekonomi petani terutama di pedesaan. Karet diperdagangkan secara internasional untuk kebutuhan bahan baku industri. Disebagian wilayah Indonesia komoditi karet dibudidayakan oleh perusahaan perkebunan (Estate) dan perkebunan rakyat, namun kondisi ekonomi petani karet dari waktu kewaktu mengalami penurunan. Berbagai faktor penyebabnya adalah: Rendahnya produksi karet, lahan berskala kecil, produkstivitas tenaga kerja rendah, panen tergantung kepada alam dan hanya bisa dipanen jika tidak hujan, belum ada teknologi untuk mengatasi kondisi alam serta teknologi yang mampu menggantikan tenaga kerja panen, selain itu pemasaran hasil karet masih dikuasai oleh pedagang pengumpul di desa. Harga ditingkat petani karet sangat cepat turun jika harga dipasaran internasioanal turun, sebaliknya harga akan lambat meningkat jika harga meningkat. Kondisi yang demikian menyebabkan rendahnya kemampuan ekonomi petani. Sering dikonotasikan bahwa wilayah yang perekonomian masyarakatnya berbasis komoditi karet, adalah wilayah lumbung kemiskinan. Mengatasi permasalahan tersebut maka perlu kebijakan pengembangkan lembaga ekonomi petani karet untuk menjaga stabilitas harga karet dan meningkatkan bargaining position petani perlu adanya regulasi mendukung kebijakan berupa mandatori dalam pengembangan kelembagaan petani dalam memperbaiki tataniaga karet sertaperlu adanya pengembangan Badan Usaha milik petani yang bergerak pada kegiatan hilirisasi karet ditingkat petani.

Keywords

Produktivitas petani karet, kemampuan ekonomi petani karet, kemiskinan, kelembagaan.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.36355/jas.v7i1.1009

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