ANALISIS KETIMPANGAN PENDAPATAN RUMAH TANGGA PETERNAK DI KOTA JAMBI

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan rumah tangga peternak di Kota Jambi baik peternak ayam, itik, kambing dan sapi serta untuk mengetahui perbedaan tingkat pengeluaran rumah tangga antar peternak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey yang dilakukan di 6 kecamatan yaitu Telanaipura, Kota Baru, Jambi Timur, Paal Merah, Pelayangan dan Danau Teluk. Analisis data menggunakan analisis ketimpangan pendapatan (koefisien gini dan kriteria bank dunia) serta uji-t untuk analisis perbedaan tingkat pengeluaran peternak. Tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan peternak di Kota Jambi tergolong rendah berdasarkan koefisien gini (0,22) ataupun kriteria bank dunia. Nilai koefisien gini peternak ayam, itik, kambing dan sapi yaitu berturut-turut 0,26; 0,17; 0,22 dan 0,17. Hasil uji-t diketahui terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengeluaran rumah tangga peternak ayam dengan itik, peternak ayam dengan kambing, peternak ayam dengan sapi, peternak itik dengan kambing, peternak itik dengan sapi, serta tidak terdapat perbedaan antar peternakkambing dan sapi.Kesimpulannya bahwa tingkat ketimpangan pendapatan rumah tangga peternak di Kota Jambi berdasarkan koefisien gini secara umum ataupun berdasarkan komoditas tergolong rendah. Berdasarkan Kriteria Bank Dunia, ketimpangan distribusi pendapatan menunjukkan ketimpangan pendapatan rendah. Pada uji beda (uji-t),terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengeluaran rumah tangga peternak antar komoditas unggas dan komoditas unggas dengan ruminansia serta tidak ada perbedaan antar ruminansia.

ABSTRACT

            This study aims to find out the level of income inequality of farmers' households in jambi city both chicken, duck, goat and cattle farmers and to find out the difference in household spending levels between farmers. This research uses survey method conducted in 6 sub-districts namely Telanaipura, Kota Baru, Jambi Timur, Paal Merah, Pelayangan and Teluk Lake. The data analysis uses income inequality analysis (gini coefficient and world bank criteria) as well as t-tests for analysis of differences in farmers' spending levels. The level of income inequality of farmers in jambi city is relatively low based on this coefficient (0.22) or world bank criteria. The coefficient value of chicken, duck, goat and cow farmers is 0.26; 0,17; 0.22 and 0.17. The results of t-test are known that there are differences in the level of household expenditure of chicken farmers with ducks, chicken farmers with goats, chicken farmers with cows, duck farmers with goats, duck farmers with cows, and there is no difference between goat and cattle farmers. The conclusion is that the level of income inequality of farmers' households in the city of Jambi based on this coefficient in general or based on commodities is relatively low. Based on World Bank Criteria, income distribution inequality indicates low income inequality. In the different tests (t-test), there was a difference in the level of household expenditure between poultry and poultry commodities with ruminants and there was no difference between ruminants.

Keywords: income inequality, gini coefficient,  farmers expenses